{"id":1,"date":"2019-02-27T07:49:02","date_gmt":"2019-02-27T07:49:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.forceskimya.com\/?p=1"},"modified":"2019-03-27T08:58:24","modified_gmt":"2019-03-27T08:58:24","slug":"yesil-kimya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forceskimya.com\/en\/2019\/02\/27\/yesil-kimya\/","title":{"rendered":"Green Chemistry"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hem do\u011faya hem de insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ciddi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde zararlar veren ve \u00e7evre kirlili\u011fini olu\u015fturan en b\u00fcy\u00fck nedenlerden biri t\u00fcketimdir. D\u00fcnya n\u00fcfusunun artmas\u0131yla birlikte insanlar\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 da artmaktad\u0131r. \u0130htiya\u00e7lar artt\u0131k\u00e7a, end\u00fcstriyel \u00fcretim de ayn\u0131 oranda art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6stermektedir. Bu sebeplerle \u00fcretim i\u00e7in hem ekonomik hem de s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler aranmaktad\u0131r. Bu durumun beraberinde ye\u015fil kimya devreye girmektedir. <\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir kimya olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131lan ve temelleri 1990 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u2018Kirlilik \u00d6nleme Yasas\u0131\u2019na dayanan ye\u015fil kimyan\u0131n amac\u0131; \u00fcretim halinde olan t\u00fcm \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin daha g\u00fcvenli ve daha verimli olarak \u00fcretilmesini sa\u011flamakt\u0131r. <\/span><\/p>\n

Ye\u015fil kimya, insanlara ve \u00e7evreye zararl\u0131 maddelerin kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 azaltan ya da ortadan kald\u0131ran, kimyasal \u00fcr\u00fcn ve bu \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde eko-uyumlu teknikler e\u015fli\u011finde tasarlanmas\u0131 olarak ifade edilmektedir. Bu anlamda ye\u015fil kimyan\u0131n, bir \u00fcretim tasar\u0131m\u0131 olarak, \u00e7evre kirleticilerini temizlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan tehlikeli kimyasallar\u0131 kaynak a\u015famas\u0131nda azaltt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 veya ortadan kald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebiliriz.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ye\u015fil kimyan\u0131n 12 temel ilkesi<\/b><\/p>\n

Ye\u015fil kimya,<\/span> end\u00fcstriyel ve akademik \u00e7evreler taraf\u0131ndan onaylanm\u0131\u015f 12 temel ilkeye dayanmaktad\u0131r. Bu temel ilkeler:<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

1- \u00d6nleme: <\/b>\u00dcretimin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131nda at\u0131k olu\u015fumunun \u00f6nlenmesi.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2- Atom ekonomisi: <\/b>\u00dcretim a\u015famas\u0131nda kullan\u0131lacak t\u00fcm malzemelerin, \u00fcr\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde maksimum seviyede yer almas\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

3- Tehlikeli kimyasallar\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131: <\/b>Hem insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hem de \u00e7evre sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in toksik etkisi minimum olan veya hi\u00e7 olmayan maddelerin \u00fcretilmesi i\u00e7in y\u00f6ntemler tasarlanmas\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

4- Daha g\u00fcvenli kimyasallar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131: <\/b>Kimyasal \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin i\u00e7eri\u011findeki zehirli etkenleri en aza indirerek, yeni kimyasallar\u0131n \u00fcretime kazand\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

5- Daha g\u00fcvenli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcler ve yard\u0131mc\u0131 maddelerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131: <\/b>Yard\u0131mc\u0131 maddelerin (\u00f6rn. \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcler, ay\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar, vb.) kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 en aza indirerek, sadece \u00e7ok gerekti\u011fi zamanlarda g\u00fcvenli olanlar\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

6- Enerji verimlili\u011finin artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131:<\/b> Enerji gereksiniminin en aza indirgenmesi ve s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ortam s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ve bas\u0131n\u00e7ta tasarlanmas\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

7- Yenilenebilir ham maddelerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131: <\/b>Ekonomik ve teknik a\u00e7\u0131dan, ham maddelerin yenilenebilir olmas\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

8- Kimyasal t\u00fcrevlerin artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131: <\/b>Ek at\u0131k olu\u015fturabilecek i\u015flevsiz t\u00fcrevlerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

9- Kataliz\u00f6rlerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131: <\/b>\u0130sraf\u0131n en aza indirilmesi ad\u0131na stokiyometrik reaktiflerin de\u011fil, kataliz\u00f6rlerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hem do\u011faya hem de insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ciddi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde zararlar veren ve \u00e7evre kirlili\u011fini olu\u015fturan en b\u00fcy\u00fck nedenlerden biri t\u00fcketimdir. D\u00fcnya n\u00fcfusunun artmas\u0131yla birlikte insanlar\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 da artmaktad\u0131r. \u0130htiya\u00e7lar artt\u0131k\u00e7a, end\u00fcstriyel \u00fcretim de ayn\u0131 oranda art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6stermektedir. Bu sebeplerle \u00fcretim i\u00e7in hem ekonomik hem de s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler aranmaktad\u0131r. Bu durumun beraberinde ye\u015fil kimya devreye girmektedir. S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir
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